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GGT1 is a membrane-bound enzyme that hydrolyzes the γ-glutamyl bond of extracellular glutathione (GSH),
glutathione conjugates (e.g., MCTR1, LTC4), and other γ-glutamyl compounds, releasing glutamate and cysteinyl
-glycine (which is further processed to cysteine and glycine). Additionally, under high dipeptide/amino acid
concentrations, GGT1 mediates transpeptidation reactions to generate novel γ-glutamyl compounds. Through these
activities, GGT1 plays pivotal roles in cysteine recycling, glutathione metabolism, and leukotriene conversion
(e.g., LTC4 to LTD4), linking it to redox homeostasis and inflammatory responses.
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